Posts

Economic Outlook & Monetary Policy: Key Takeaways from Vice Chair Philip N. Jefferson

At the start of 2026, Vice Chair Jefferson strikes a cautiously optimistic tone on the U.S. economy, emphasizing stabilization in the labor market, gradual progress on inflation, and a monetary policy stance that is now closer to neutral. 1. Economic Outlook: Growth Slowing but Still Solid Growth remains resilient : GDP grew at a strong 4.3% annualized rate in Q3 2025, driven by consumer spending and exports. Near-term growth is expected to moderate to around 2% , partly due to the temporary effects of the federal government shutdown. Labor market is cooling, not collapsing : Job growth has slowed, unemployment edged up to 4.4% , and hiring has softened—but layoffs remain low. Jefferson expects unemployment to remain broadly stable in 2026. Labor supply constraints matter : Lower immigration and participation have reduced labor force growth, contributing to slower job creation. 2. Inflation: Progress, but Uneven Inflation has fallen significantly from its 2022 peak , with CPI inflatio...

Commentary on Electricity Amendment Act 2025

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The implicit dynamics of in-context learning

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Building GDP Step by Step: A Simple Excel-Based Walkthrough

Click here  to view an Excel file that models GDP starting from a simple economy and gradually introduces complexity. At each stage, it calculates GDP using all three approaches: expenditure, income, and value-added.

How many instructions can LLM follow at once

  Click here to read my analysis of this incredible paper discussing how many instructions LLM can follow at once by Distly AI

Transformer Architecture

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How do Central Banks actually move interest rates

Books often simplify the process, stating that central banks "just do it." However, the reality is far more complex than it seems. In this piece, I delve into the intricate mechanisms behind how central banks operate to set interest rates and influence the economy. Click here to read